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mar. 28/05/2019
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Séminaire du laboratoire
The book ends of sound change: initial innovation and resulting consonant inventories
Joan Bybee (University of New Mexico, USA) & Shelece Easterday (DDL) |
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10h-12h |
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ISH - Espace Marc Bloch |
The two parts of this presentation discuss (1) a proposal that sound change results from joint innovation in production rather than innovation by an individual followed by spread through a community, as many researchers suppose (Stevens & Harrington, 2014); and (2) a demonstration of the ways that sound change structures consonant inventories, with a focus on basic, elaborated and complex consonants (Lindblom & Maddieson, 1988). The examination of basic consonants delivers some rather surprising results with implications for the evolution of phonological systems (with Shelece Easterday).
References
Lindblom, B., & Maddieson, I. (1988). Phonetic universals in consonant systems. In Language, speech and mind. Studies in honour of Victoria A. Fromkin ed. by Charles Li and Larry M. Hyman (pp. 62–78). London: Routledge.
Stevens, M., & Harrington, J. (2014). The individual and the actuation of sound change. Loquens1, 1(1), 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/loquens.2014.003
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mar. 04/06/2019 > 05/06/2019
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Formation à LaTeX pour linguistes |
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9h-13h, 14h-18h |
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ISH, salle Frossard |
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mer. 05/06/2019
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6e Journée Langues Atlantiques |
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10h - 15h |
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ISH, salle Yseult Saulnier |
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jeu. 06/06/2019
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“Such a diverse forest of languages”: the changing linguistic landscapes of the Central Andes through time |
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10h00-11h30 |
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MSH, salle Elise Rivet |
Conférence de :
- Matthias Urban
(Universität Tübingen)
dans le cadre des séminaires DDL |
The European discovery of the Americas and the subsequent colonization of the continents has set in motion a probably unprecedented dynamics of language shift that is still ongoing. Yet also before European languages became a major impact, the linguistic landscape in many regions was not a stable equilibrium, but constantly changing, in particular in those regions that are characterized by autochthonous cultural complexity.
One such case are the Central Andes of Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia. In this talk, I will attempt to bring to light selected aspects of the changing linguistic landscape of the Central Andes. After an introduction to the physical geography and the rich cultural history of the region I will sketch how the linguistic ecology changed between the initial contact with Europeans in the early 16th century and today. However, my main concern is to explore how and to what extent changes in the distribution of languages can be projected from the 16th century into late prehistory, which is characterized by the spread of the Quechuan languages into the peripheries of the Inca state in what is today Ecuador and Bolivia. I systematically combine evidence from toponymy, lexical items with non-Quechuan origin in the expanding Quechuan varieties, and structural changes which they have undergone to tackle these questions; the approach should, with the necessary adaptations, in principle be applicable also in other regions. A case study of Southern Peru supports earlier statements in the literature to the effect that the Aymara language was much more widespread there than it is today.
Once the Quechuan expansion is thus partially “undone,” one can move further back into prehistory to the point of time before Quechuan (and Aymaran) began to spread from their homelands in Central Peru. It is generally accepted that even before their spread, while still in the homeland, the ancestors of the Quechuan and Aymaran lineages converged structurally and lexically, yielding a common language type that has often been taken to be representative of the (Central) Andes as a whole. The recovery of earlier linguistic distributions as sketched above, and the appreciation of what can be learned on the structures of the local languages that were replaced by Quechuan or later Spanish, allows to outline a more inclusive and refined picture of the areal typology of the Central Andes. Rather than being other instances of the common Quechuan-Aymaran language type, other languages differed significantly. In particular, a contrast between northern and southern spheres (which latter including Quechuan and Aymaran) in terms of language structure and ecology emerges. A similar divide is visible also in genomic studies, and appears deeply entrenched, too, in the material culture of the pre-Hispanic peoples of the Central Andes that is archaeologically recoverable for the Northern and Southern spheres.
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mar. 11/06/2019
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Atelier Phonological Typology: Kalasha laterals in a cross-linguistics perspective (Alexei Kochetov, University of Toronto / GIPSA-Lab, Grenoble) |
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14:00-15:30 |
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ISH - Salle Ennat Léger |
Kalasha, a Northwestern Indo-Aryan language spoken in the Hindu-Kush region of Pakistan, is unusual among languages of South Asia in having laterals contrasting in secondary articulation – velarization and palatalization. Given the paucity of previous phonetic work on the language and some discrepancies between descriptive accounts, the nature of the Kalasha lateral contrast remains poorly understood. This talk brings together some language-internal and cross-linguistic acoustic evidence bearing on the phonetic classification of Kalasha laterals. First, the laterals produced by 4 male speakers in various phonetic contexts were investigated by comparing their acoustic properties (formants during closures and transitions) to those of other place distinctions within the language. Second, the Kalasha laterals were compared to laterals produced by 76 speakers of 6 languages which crucially differ in the types of their place contrasts. The results demonstrate that the lateral contrast in Kalasha belongs to the palatalization/velarization type (which distinguishes laterals along the F2 dimension), and not to the retroflexion type (which distinguishes laterals along F3 and F4). In addition to documenting an understudied language, the study provides cross-linguistic evidence for discrete acoustic differences among and gradient language-particular variation within the phonemic categories of palatal(ized), velarized, and retroflex laterals.
[Joint work with Jan Heegård Petersen and Paul Arsenault]
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mer. 12/06/2019
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Réunion Interne Réunion des membres permanents du futur axe DiLiS |
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10h30-12h |
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ISH - Salle André Frossard |
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ven. 14/06/2019
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Séminaire DTT - Atelier Morphosyntaxe |
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14h-16h |
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ISH |
Albert Alvarez Gonzalez (Universidad de Sonora, DDL)
"La classification possessive dans les langues uto-aztèques"
Un système de classification possessive a été reconstruit en langues uto-aztèques (Etats Unis d’Amérique, Mexique). Langacker (1977) propose ainsi pour le proto-uto-aztèque (PUA) deux marqueurs qui se suffixent aux noms possédés et qui les catégorisent selon la distinction aliénable (AL : suffixe *-wa) / inaliénable (INAL : suffixe *-yi). Des reconstructions similaires ont été proposées pour le proto-tepiman (Bascom 1965; suffixe*-ga pour AL et suffixe*-di pour INAL) ainsi que pour le proto-nahuatl (Dakin 1991; suffixe *-wa pour AL et suffixe*-ye pour INAL). De nos jours, il est possible cependant d’observer des changements à l’intérieur de ce système dans plusieurs langues de la famille. Dans certains cas, ce système de classification a complètement disparu et dans d’autres cas, de nouvelles distinctions se sont développées.
Ce travail poursuit donc un double objectif: i) présenter les différents types de classificateurs possessifs existants en langues uto-aztèques, et ii) réfléchir à la dynamique engagée dans ce système de classification nominale au sein de cette famille linguistique. Nous allons ainsi décrire dans un premier temps les structures et catégorisations présentes dans les syntagmes nominaux possessifs de cette famille de langues et nous essaierons dans un deuxième temps de mettre en évidence les différents processus évolutifs qu’il est possible d’observer à travers les données présentées. Nous tenterons finalement d’émettre quelques hypothèses qui puissent rendre compte des différentes évolutions observées pour ce type de construction dans la famille uto-aztèque. Nous insisterons notamment sur l’importance du critère d’animacité ainsi que sur le syncrétisme existant dans plusieurs langues de la famille entre classification possessive et d’autres fonctions grammaticales (pronom possessif de 3SG, prédication possessive, marques casuelles, certaines formes de pluriel, marques de nominalisation).
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mer. 19/06/2019
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Réunion Interne Conseil de laboratoire |
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9h30-12h |
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MSH, salle André Frossard |
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jeu. 20/06/2019
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Atelier "Méthodes" - Outils d'évaluation en orthophonie (stagiaires orthophonie) |
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10h-12h |
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ISH |
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jeu. 27/06/2019
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Réunion Interne Soirée jeux de société |
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18h-22h |
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MSH, cafétéria (RdC) |
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ven. 28/06/2019
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Séminaire DTT - Atelier Morphosyntaxe |
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14h-16h |
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ISH |
Magdalena Lemus Serrano (DDL)
"Gender and classifiers in Yukuna"
This talk will provide overview of the grammatical systems of noun categorization in Yukuna, namely, gender and numeral classifiers. These two systems differ on virtually all grounds, from the loci of marking, to inventory size, semantics, and even frequency of use. Indeed, the gender system distinguishes two classes , feminine (female animates) and non-feminine (male animates, objects), and it is optionally marked on nouns, noun adjuncts (demonstratives, numerals, adjectives), and nominalizations. Classifiers form a single, small paradigm of roughly a dozen suffixes that encode salient physical features of objects, optionally marked on numerals only. While gender plays an important role in the grammar of the language due to its use in nominalizations, classifiers have slowly fallen out of use and are rarely used by younger speakers of Yukuna.
After describing the main features of gender and classifiers in Yukuna, this talk will place the language within a genealogical and areal context, contrasting the Yukuna data with closely related Arawakan languages as well as with neighboring, unrelated languages such as Tanimuka (Tukanoan).
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ven. 28/06/2019
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Goûter pour fêter la fin des séjours à Lyon de Albert Alvarez, Thiago Chacon et Rosa Vallejos |
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15h30-16h30 |
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ISH, salle de pause de DDL |
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